Contact in the 16th century : networks among fishers, foragers and farmers / edited by Brad Loewen and Claude Chapdelaine.

This volume is based on a conference session organized at the January 2014 meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology (SHA) in Québec City.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

"This volume on sixteenth-century contact, from Labrador to Lake Ontario, focuses on European goods found in Native contexts. It began as a conference session where speakers reported their finds showing sixteenth-century contact relations. In this volume, the authors analyse early contact networks from various geographic standpoints. Each chapter focuses on a particular region within greater networks, to form a conceptual interplay of place and mobility. The four initial chapters are set around the Gulf of Saint Lawrence where Euro-Native was direct and the historical record is strongest. Contact networks radiated northward into Inuit settings where European iron nails, roofing tile fragments and ceramics are found (Rankin and Crompton). Glass beads are scarce on Inuit sites as well as on Basque sites on the Gulf's north shore, but they are numerous in French Acadia to the south from where they spread into the Saint Lawrence estuary (Delmas). Ceramics on northern Basque sites are mostly from Spain, underscoring the Gulf's division between a Spanish Basque north and a French south (Barreiro Argüelles and Escribano Ruiz). An historical review discusses the partnership between Spanish Basques and Saint Lawrence Iroquoians c.1540-1580 (Loewen). The four chapters set in the Saint Lawrence valley show Tadoussac as a fork in inland networks. Saint Lawrence Iroquoians obtained glass beads around Tadoussac before 1580, and archaeology also clarifies their trade role and their disappearance some time before 1580. Algonquin from Lac Saint-Jean began trading at Tadoussac after 1580 (Plourde; Chapdelaine). They plied a northern route that linked to Huronia-Wendaki via the Ottawa Valley and the Frontenac Uplands (Moreau et al.; Fox and Pilon). Two distinct networks, the Saint Lawrence valley and the northern route, thus led inland from Tadoussac. Finally, four chapters set around Lake Ontario focus on contact between this region and the Saint Lawrence valley. Huron-Wendat sites around the Kawartha Lakes show an influx of Saint Lawrence trade in the sixteenth century, followed by an immigration wave about 1580 (Ramsden). Huron-Wendat sites near Toronto show an unabated inflow of Native materials from the Saint Lawrence valley throughout the sixteenth century (Williamson et al.). However, Neutral sites west of Lake Ontario show Native and European materials arriving from the south, rather than along the Saint Lawrence (Cooper). Finally, a review of glass bead evidence presented by various authors shows trends that cut across chapters and bring new impetus to the study of beads to discover sixteenth-century networks among French and Basque fishers, Inuit and Algonquian foragers and Iroquoian farmers (Loewen)."-- Provided by publisher.

Co-published by: Canadian Museum of History.

Introduction -- PART I The Gulf of Saint Lawrence. Chapter 1 Meeting in the Straits: Intersecting Inuit and European Trajectories in Southern Labrador -- Chapter 2 Travelling Ceramics: Basque Networks and Identities in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence -- Chapter 3 Intertwined Enigmas: Basques and Saint Lawrence Iroquoians in the Sixteenth Century -- Chapter 4 Beads and Trade Routes: Tracing Sixteenth-Century Beads around the Gulf and into the Saint Lawrence Valley.

PART II The Fluvial Networks. Chapter 5 Saint Lawrence Iroquoians, Algonquians, and Europeans in the Saint Lawrence Estuary between 1500 and 1650 -- Chapter 6 Saint Lawrence Iroquoians as Middlemen or Observers: Review of Evidence in the Middle and Upper Saint Lawrence Valley -- Chapter 7 The Northern Route, between the Saguenay and Georgian Bay: Construction of a Hypothesis -- Chapter 8 Evidence for Sixteenth-Century Exchange: The Ottawa and Upper Saint Lawrence Waterways.

PART III The Lower Great Lakes. Chapter 9 Sixteenth-Century Contact Between the Saint Lawrence Valley and the Upper Trent Valley -- Chapter 10 Looking Eastward: Fifteenth- and Early Sixteenth-Century Exchange Systems of the North Shore Ancestral Wendat -- Chapter 11 "In Order to Bring Them to Trade" Neutral Exchange during the Sixteenth Century -- Chapter 12 Sixteenth-Century Beads: New Data, New Directions.

eBooks on EBSCOhost EBSCO eBook Subscription Academic Collection - Worldwide