Fixing Science in India: A Socio-Economic Prescription surveys the trajectory of Indian science from 1835 to 2025, encompassing both the colonial and post-independence periods. Science is vital to national progress and development, as it drives technologies, products, and innovations that enhance living standards, and produces strategic materials that strengthen the country’s defence and security capabilities. The book examines India’s early socialistic model of development, which had disastrous consequences for science. This model enabled a small gatekeeping class of scientists to monopolise limited funds and block the entry of others. As a result, the challenges confronting Indian science have deep social and economic roots that demand urgent attention. Since science and technology are closely intertwined with national strategy and the economy, they form the very foundation of India’s power and self-reliance. The book argues that the reforms required may be disruptive but must be undertaken incrementally. Among the key areas needing urgent review are the education system and caste-based reservations. It is an essential read for all who recognise that science is the only path forward for India to realise its aspiration of becoming a prosperous and strong nation in the years ahead.