Includes bibliographical references and index.

"The History and Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) is a relatively new yet rapidly growing field. Emerging from diverse approaches within the history and philosophy of science, it encompasses a wide range of philosophical reflections on the nature, methods, and subject matter of science, all considered within their historical contexts. In this outstanding handbook, the first of its kind, an international roster of contributors provide the first full survey of the discipline. Organised into four sections comprising 50 chapters, the handbook covers the following themes: Perspectives on philosophy of science, including the historical and sociological turns and feminist philosophy of science. Traditions and movements in philosophy of science, with a focus on Victorian philosophy of science, French positivism, Logical empiricism, pragmatism and naturalism. Specific scientific theories, issues and concepts in relativity, quantum mechanics, realism and anti-realism. Philosophy of the special sciences, including mathematics, chemistry, biology, psychology and psychiatry, and the social sciences. The Routledge Handbook of the History of Philosophy of Science After Kant is essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of science, history of science, the sociology of science and science studies. It will also be of interest to those in the sciences seeking a philosophical and historical perspective on core areas such as mathematics, physics and biology. Flavia Padovani is an Associate Professor of Philosophy at Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA. She is also on the faculty of Drexel's Center for Science, Technology, and Society. With Alan Richardson and Jonathan Y. Tsou, she is the editor of Objectivity in Science: New Perspectives from Science and Technology Studies (2015). Ádám Tamás Tuboly is a senior researcher at the HUN-REN Institute of Philosophy, and at the Medical School of the University of Pécs. He is the editor with Sebastian Lutz of Logical Empiricism and the Physical Sciences (Routledge 2021), and author with Christopher Burke of Otto Neurath in Britain (2025)"--