Based on the speech delivered by the author at the ceremony of his induction to the Royal Academy of Sciences of Spain, this book offers a general overview of the field of Nonlinear Dynamics, Chaos, and Complexity, considering historical sources and the development of ideas by pioneers in the field. Special emphasis is placed on the contributions made by physicists, including Nobel Laureates in Physics, to this field, even though they are not widely known for this work. Particular attention is given to the concept of emergence introduced by physicists, as well as the numerous applications of these ideas across various sciences, such as Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geology, Physiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Medicine. Another relevant aspect is the discussion of interdisciplinarity in the sciences and how the field of Nonlinear Dynamics, Chaos, and Complexity contributes to this objective. The book concludes with a discussion on the prospects and bright future for further developments in the field. Both academics and students will find the contents useful.